CI – Communist International

Imperialism – Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism

RDDPP – Revolutionary Democratic Dictatorship of the Proletariat and Peasantry

RSDLP – Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party

RSDLP(B) – Russian Social-Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks)

SD – Social Democracy or Social Democrat, as determined by the context

SDs – Social Democrats

SR – Socialist Revolutionary

SRs – Socialist Revolutionaries

The … Renegade Kautsky – The Proletariat Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky

ToPR – Theory of Permanent Revolution

Two Tactics – The Two Tactics of Social Democracy in the Democratic Revolution

St Petersburg, capital of the Tsarist empire, had its name changed to Petrograd in 1914.

Dates: All dates before 1 February 1918 are given according to the old Russian, Julian calendar which was 13 days behind that used in the West. To change to a modern calendar add 13 days.

Emphasis: Within quotations the author’s original emphasis is indicated by italic script.

References: These are numeric in the text and refer to a list at the end of each chapter.